RNA聚合酶Ⅱ转录延伸因子

RNA PolymeraseⅡ Transcription Elongation Factors

当RNA聚合酶Ⅱ(RNAP Ⅱ)离开启动子开始转录延伸时,会遇到包括紧密包装形成染色质的核小体在内的多种障碍,细胞内存在多种因子可协助RNAP Ⅱ克服这些障碍,保证转录的顺利进行。遗传和生化研究已经分离和鉴定了一些在此过程中起作用的延伸因子(elongationfactor),现依据作用方式和效果对目前发现的主要延伸因子的研究进展进行了分类综述。

When RNA polymerase Ⅱ passes through the coding region of a gene, it must overcome various kinds of obstacles including the tightly wrapped nucleosomes. Mechanisms to deal with these obstacles clearly exist in cells, because transcription through chromatin is very efficient in vivo. An increasing number of different categories of elongation factors that assist polymerase II in this process have been identified by genetical and biochemical researches. Here we review the advances in studies of elongation factors according to their types and functions.