早产儿不同喂养方法时血浆胃动素变化的研究

Changes of plasma motilin between intermittent nasoduodenal and intermittent nasogastric feedings in premature infants

目的 比较早产儿生后早期间断鼻十二指肠喂养和鼻胃管喂养对进奶量、生长情况、喂养相关并发症的影响及血浆胃动素的变化。方法 将 4 0例早产儿随机分为鼻十二指肠喂养和鼻胃管喂养组 ,用同一种配方乳喂养。记录喂养 1周的入液量、体格生长指标、大便性状、喂养相关并发症。测定喂养前及喂养 1w后血浆胃动素水平。结果 喂养后 1周鼻十二指肠喂养组较鼻胃管喂养组平均进奶量显著增加 (P <0 .0 0 1) ;恢复出生体重时间明显缩短 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;高胆红素血症发生率显著减少 (P <0 .0 1)。两组喂养 1w后身长、头围的变化无明显差异 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,但两组血浆胃动素水平均较喂养前显著增加 (P <0 .0 0 1)。结论 间断鼻十二指肠喂养是早产儿生后早期较适宜的喂养方法。

Objective: To evaluate the effects of intermittent nasoduodenal feeding (INDF) and intermittent nasogastric feeding (INGF) on milk input, physical growth and feeding-related complications and to compare changes of plasma motilin (MTL). Methods: 40 premature infants were randomizedly assigned into INDF and INGF groups and fed with the same formula, recording such indices as intake of liquid, physical growth parameters, stool characters and complications concerned; Plasma levels of MTL were detected before feeding and by the end of the first week.Results: Within a week after feeding, milk input in INDF was significantly higher than that in INGF ( P <0.001). The birth-weight regain time in INDF were significantly less than those in INGF( P <0.05). The morbidity of hyperbilirubinemia was significantly less in INDF than that in INGF ( P <0.01). There was no significant difference in the increase of length and head circumference between the two groups ( P >0.05). The plasma levels of MTL by the end of the first week were significantly increased than those before feeding in the both groups( P <0.001). Conclusion: Nasoduodenal feeding is more tolerable than nasogastric feeding in the initial feeding of premature infants.