一株炭疽杆菌无毒株的建立

Establishment of the non-virulent strain of Bacillus anthracis

目的 建立无毒炭疽菌株 ,为炭疽疫苗研究和免疫检测打基础。方法 用传统的高温减毒法 ,将当前用于生产炭疽疫苗的减毒菌株进一步减毒。结果 对筛选的一株炭疽杆菌AAT12 1株进行全面检定 ,证实它已失去其亲代株A16R所具有的 pXO1质粒 ,并因此失去了产生毒素的能力 ,成为炭疽杆菌“无毒株” ;同时也几乎完全失去了生成芽胞的能力 ;其它的生物和生化学性质未发现变化。结论 炭疽减毒株也可用高温减毒法进一步减毒为无毒株 ,以便有关研究中应用。

The aim of the present study is to search for a new non-virulent strain of Sacillus anthracis used for the vaccine preparation and for immunological assay,the attenuated strain of B.anthracis used in the predaration of anthrax vaccine was futher attenuated by the traditional high temperature attenuation method.The avirulent strain for vaccine preparation was cultured on plates of beef digestive agar for 48 hours and passed for 40 consecutive days.A new nonvirulent strain of B.anthracis (AAT121) was obtained,and it was proved to be avirulent after complete examination of its biological characteristcs.It has lost the plasmid pXO1 that was present in the parent strain A16R,and also lost the power to produce toxins and almost lost the ability to from spores.Thus,it had been become a real non-virulent strain of B.anthracis.No other biological and biochemical alteration was found.It concludes that a new avirulent stain of B.anthracis can be further attenuated by method of high temperature attenuation and can be applied for the related studies.