副热带高压研究进展及展望

Review and Prospect of the Study on the Subtropical Anticyclone

介绍了国家自然科学基金委员会九五重点项目“副热带高压形成和变异的机理”的研究成果。该项目的研究纠正了对副热带高压成因的若干传统认识,揭示了副热带高压脊线年际变化的新事实,发展了脊线这一东西风交界面的动力模型,建立了“全型涡度方程”、“热力适应”理论及“两级热力适应”模式,并通过模拟和资料诊断研究了各副热带高压单体的形成机制及其季节和年际变化,在西太平洋副热带高压变化的规律和机制的研究中得到了新的认识。

The studies of a Key Project, entitled 'Formation and variation of subtropical anticyclone , supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China from 1997 to 2000 are reviewed. The results deri ved from this project have irnproved some traditional understandings on the mechanism of the forma-tion and variation of the subtropical anticyclones. Some new facts of the interannual variability of subtropical high ridge have been revealed. A dynamic modei of the ridge surface that is defined by the boundary surface between easterlies and westerlies has been developed. The complete vorticity equation was developed; the thermal adaptation theory and a modei of two-stage thermal adaptation in the atmos-phere have been constructed. Moreover, the mechanism of the formation of the subtropical anticyclone, as well as its seasonal and interannual variability have been explored by data diagnosis and numerical sim-ulation. New insights obtained on the variation mechanism of the subtropical anticyclone over the west-ern Pacific.