髌骨的生物力学实验研究

An experimental study on patella biomechanics

用三维光弹实验方法和有限元分析法,分析髌骨在正常单足站立位屈膝15°、30°、45°、60°、75°、90°等状态下的应力分布规律。结果显示:随着屈膝度增加,髌骨明显变为一受弯构件,其表面中部承受拉应力最大,髌底髌尖次之,髌骨后部承受压应力。屈膝90°时拉压应力均最大。额状面上髌骨的主拉应力迹线略呈“V”形,且受Q角影响而不同程度地向外偏移,屈膝30°时偏移最显著。

Using three-dimension photoelastic test and finite element, we determined and analysed the stress distribution on the patella in a sfngle-leg standing position with knee flexion of 30°, 40°, 60°, 75°and 90°. The results showed that as the knee flexion degree was increased, the patella gradually became a bent component, the central part of its surface beefed the greatest tension stress, its base and apex beared the secondary, and Its back heated compression stress, both stresses being the greatest In 90°-knee flexion. In the frontal surfaee, the trace of the main tension stress of the patella had the shape of '∨'and a vavled-degree outward deviation under Q-angle Influenee, which was most significant in 30°-knee flexion.