乳腺癌特异基因1在乳腺癌表达的意义

Significance of breast cancer specific gene 1 expression in breast cancer

目的 检测乳腺癌特异基因 1(BCSG1)在乳腺癌中的表达 ,评价其表达与乳腺癌临床病理因素的相关性。方法 利用逆转录 聚合酶链反应 (RT PCR法 )检测 2 8例乳腺癌、7例乳腺增生症及 5例乳腺纤维瘤中BCSG1的表达。结果 2 8例乳腺癌中有BCSG1表达 12例 (4 2 .9% ) ,其中Ⅲ /Ⅳ期乳腺癌的表达率为 6 9.2 %(9/ 13例 ) ,乳腺良性病变中BCSG1无一例表达。BCSG1的表达与乳腺癌分期密切相关 (P =0 .0 2 ) ,与患者年龄、月经、肿瘤部位以及雌激素受体、孕激素受体、核增殖抗原、C erbB2 的表达等无相关性。结论 BCSG1可能是与肿瘤恶性进展有关的肿瘤标记物 ,是乳腺癌发生过程中的中晚期事件 ,为判定乳腺癌预后的新指标。

Objective To detect the expression of breast cancer specific gene 1 (BCSG1) in breast cancer specimens and to assess the correlation with the clinical parameters. Methods The expression of BCSG1 was detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in surgical specimens from 28 primary breast cancer, 7 hyperplasia and 5 fibroadenoma selected randomly in XinHua Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Second Medical University from July 1999 to July 2001. A total of 28 breast cancer specimens including 24 infiltrating ductal carcinomas, 2 medullary carcinomas and 1 papillary carcinoma and 1 mucous carcinoma were confirmed according to the WHO histological classification. The staging of cancer specimens were based on UICC TNM classification, they were 15 stage Ⅰ/Ⅱ, 13 stage Ⅲ/Ⅳ, and the average age of breast cancer patients was 60.1 yrs(36～87 yrs). For investigating the correlation between BCSG1 expression and the status of other clinical parameters of breast cancer such as ER, PR, PCNA and C-erbB2, each specimen was cut apart into two parts for RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry, respectively. Results BCSG1 mRNA was detectable in 42.9% of all 28 breast cancer specimens, with 69.2% positive of stage Ⅲ/Ⅳ. However, BCSG1 was undetectable in all benign breast lesions. Statistical data showed that the expression of BCSG1 was closely correlated with the staging of breast cancer (P=0.02) but has no significant correlation with age, menstruation, tumor site, or status of ER, PR, PCNA and C-erBb2 expression. Conclusion The expression of BCSG1 mRNA may act as a useful marker in advanced breast cancer. Its occurrence is a mid-late genetic event in carcinogenesis and BCSG1 can therefore be considered as a new prognostic marker.