高分子金属配合物发光材料的制备技术进展

Technical development in synthesis of luminescent polymer-metal complex materials

高分子金属配合物发光材料是一类很有价值的功能材料,评述了有关它的各种合成方法。以金属离子与含配位基团的聚合物进行反应,容易在高聚物之间形成交联,难以获得发光强度高的高分子配合物;使金属离子与高分子配体和小分子配体同时作用,可以得到荧光强度比较理想的产物,但反应难以定量控制;以小分子金属配合物单体与某些单体之间进行共聚合反应,也可获得荧光强度较高的高分子配合物,但聚合反应的空间位阻较大;通过两端都含有配位基团的刚性链的有机小分子配体直接与金属离子配合形成高分子金属配合物;以小分子金属配合物单体进行均聚或者将小分子金属配合物接枝到高聚物上也可以形成高分子金属配合物。

The luminescent polymer-metal complex materials constitute an important class of functional materials, having high potential for theoretical study and practical application. And the synthesis of these complexes by several important methods was reviewed. The reaction between metal ions and the polymers with the coordination groups will form cross-linking easily and the products of the reaction are weaker in fluorescence intensity. The products emitting stronger fluorescence can be prepared through the reaction of metal ions with both the polymer ligands and the low molecular weight ligands, but the quantitative control of the complexes' constituent is difficult. The macromolecular complexes possessing higher fluorescence intensity can be obtained by the copolymerization of the monomeric metal complexes and some monomers, but the steric hindrance to the reaction is bigger. The self polymerization of the monomeric metal complexes or by grafting the low molecular weight metal complexes to the polymers also can synthesize polymer-metal complexes.