酒精致雄性大鼠生殖细胞损伤的实验研究

Study on the Damage of Germ Cells in the Male Rats Caused by Alcohol.

目的:探讨酒精对雄性哺乳动物生殖细胞损伤的机理研究。方法:实验组用不同剂量44°白酒对成年雄性大鼠灌胃,造成饮酒后生殖细胞损伤模型,饮酒2个生精周期后断头取血并做内脏和生殖系统病理切片,光镜观察及体视学图像分析,并做交配后子鼠畸形的观察。结果:睾丸与附睾相对重量随饮酒量增大和周期延长而降低。精子活力显著低于对照组(P<0.01),精子活动率较正常对照组明显降低(P<0.05),精子畸形率明显高于对照组(P<0.01),血清LH、FSH及T均较正常水平低,病理及体视学显示高剂量组曲精小管萎缩变细,间隙增宽,心、肝、脑、肾无异常。结论:酒精对雄性哺乳动物生殖细胞有明显的损伤作用,减少饮酒对优生有重要意义。

Objective: To study the damage of germ cells in the male animals caused by alcohol. Methods: Various doses of alcohol with 44°were filled in one group of male rats, causing damage of gerrn cells. To cut off the rats'heads and get blood to make pathologic sections of visceral organs and reproductive systems after two spermatogenic cycles, and to observe them by light microscope and used stereo image analysis technique. To observe sperm shape of the rats after their amphimixis. Results: Relative weight of the testicle and the epididymis was positive related with quantities of alcohol and was negative related with spermatogenic cycles. The proportion of living sperms was significantly lower than the control group(P <0. 01 ). The rate of sperms activity was obviously lower than the normal control group (P < 0. 05 ) . The proportion of sperm deformity was significantly higher than the control group (P <0. 01) . The content of LH, FSH and testosterone in serum was lower than the normal levels. Pathologic and stereo image analysis showed that seminiferous tubules had atrophied with increasing wider intervals in the group of high dose alcohol, and there was no damage in the heart, the liver, the brain and the nephridium. Conclusion: Alcohol can damage sperm cells of male animals. It is important for eugenics to drink less wine.