中国中部有偿献血地区某行政村艾滋病病毒感染状况的研究

Study on thc seropositive prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus in a village residents living in rural region of central China

目的 研究中国中部献血地区某行政村艾滋病病毒(HIV)的感染状况以及HIV从感染人群向一般人群的传播途径和动力。方法 对户口属于该村的全体居民进行HIV筛查,对年龄>16岁的筛查居民进行入户问卷调查,收集该村已经进行HIV检查的记录以及死于艾滋病居民名单。结果 全村总共527户家庭,总人口2364人,65.6％的居民共1551人参加了筛查,完成问卷926份;HIV阳性居民总共144例,总阳性率为9.1％(7.7％～10.6％);全村19.6％的家庭有HIV血清阳性成员,2例以上HIV阳性的家庭占所有阳性家庭的25％;参加筛查的居民HIV阳性率性别间差异无显著性,年龄组间差异有显著性,以40～50岁组为最高;有偿献血员的阳性率为22.4％,参加筛查的HIV阳性居民中,有0.9％为输血感染,9.6％为性接触感染,5.2％为母婴感染。结论 中部献血地区某些村庄HIV感染率较高,主要以过去献血感染为主,性接触传播和母婴传播目前已成为献血地区HIV感染的主要途径,应采取综合措施遏制其进一步扩散。

Objectivc To study the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevalence of residents living in a village located in rural region of central China where the paid blood donors used to be popular. Methods All residents of one village 'ZY' were asked to participate in HIV serologic screening test. Those over the age of 16 and participated in HIV serologic test was followed to undergo an indoor interview a week later. to finish a questionnaire, which including information on demography, marital status, smoking and drinking habits, history of blood donation. sexual behavior and history of drug use. Names on those either died from AIDS or having HIV serologic testing before were collected from local hospitals and the Center of Disease Control and Prevention. Results There were in total 2364 residents in 527 households in' ZY' village including 1551 residents participated in the HIV serologic screening test. and 926 completed questionnaires. A lotal of 1l5 HIV seropositive residents were found in the HIV screening. 5 had been undergone HIV screening tests before, and 24 died of AIDS. The HIV prevalence of the whole population was 9. 1% (CI: 7.7%-10.6%). There were 19.6 % households had at least one member living with HIV. out of which 25 % had over two HIV seropositive members. No significant difference was found between genders with respect to HIV prevalence. 40-50 years old group had the highest HIV prevalence, significantly differed from other age groups. The HIV prevalence among former paid blood donors was 22. 4 %. The proportions of getting HIV infection through routes of blood transfusion, sex and mother-to- child, were 0. 9%. 9.6% and 5.2% respectively among 115 HIV seropositive residents. Conclusion Some villages in the rural regions of central China showed high HIV prevalence. Former paid blood donation was responsible for the main transmission route in these villages. However. sexual transmission and mother-to-child transmission were becoming dominant routes in general population which called for effective action be taken to contain the spread of HIV.