福建东部沿海地区人类嗜T淋巴细胞白血病病毒Ⅰ/Ⅱ感染的血清流行病学研究

Sero-epidemiological study on the human T-cell leukaemia virus type Ⅰ/Ⅱ infection in the east coastal areas of Fujian province

目的 调查福建东部沿海地区人群人类嗜T淋巴细胞白血病病毒Ⅰ/Ⅱ(HTLV-Ⅰ/Ⅱ)的感染状况。方法 用酶联免疫吸附试验方法筛查1999～2002年福州、宁德两地的吸毒人群、性病就诊者、暗娼及健康献血者、健康体检人群血清标本3259份。阳性者用免疫印迹进行确认。使用EpiInfo6.0软件进行X^2和Fisher’s exact test分析。结果 健康人群HTLV-Ⅰ抗体阳性率为0.06％,吸毒人群为0.32％,性病就诊者及暗娼为0.58％,未检出HTLV-Ⅱ抗体。性病就诊者及暗娼HTLV-Ⅰ抗体阳性率显著高于健康人群(P<0.05),吸毒者HTLV-Ⅰ抗体阳性率与健康人群比较差异无显著性(P>0.05)。HTLV-Ⅰ抗体阳性率在各年龄组间差异均未见有显著性(P>0.05)。HTLV-Ⅰ抗体阳性率在福州、宁德两地差异也未见有显著性(P>0.05)。结论 提示福建东部沿海地区人群以HTLV-Ⅰ的流行为主,且HTLV-Ⅰ的流行水平很低,未发现HTLV-Ⅱ的流行。年龄、性别因素在闽东沿海地区不是HTLV-Ⅰ流行的危险因子,性暴露次数的增加可能是影响HTLV-Ⅰ流行水平的因素。

Objective To study the seroprevalence of human T-cell leukaemia virus type Ⅰ /Ⅱ (HTLV-Ⅰ/Ⅱ) infection in adult population in the east coastal areas of Fujian and to explore the possible risk factors of HTLV-Ⅰ/Ⅱ. Methods A total number of 3259 blood samples from drug users, sexually transmitted disease(STD) patients, prostitutes and blood donors for serologic assays during 1999 to 2002, were collected. All samples were sceeened for HTLV-Ⅰ/Ⅱ antibody, using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. All of the positive samples were confirmed by western blot (WB) kits. Statistical analysis was done by Epi software, and X^2 test by Fisher's exact test. P value<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results The overall seroprevalence rate of HTLV-Ⅰ/Ⅱin healthy populations was 0.06% including, 0.32% in drug users, 0.58% in STD patients and prostitutes respectively. HTLV- Ⅱ had not been found. The seropositive rates for HTLV-Ⅰ in STD patients and prostitutes were significantly higher than the findings among healthy populations (P<0.05). There were no different seroprevalence rates between drug users and healthy populations (P>0.05). No significant changes in HTLV-Ⅰ prevalence rates were found in the different age groups as well as in Fuzhou and Linde cities (P>0.05). Conclusion The result suggested that in the east coastal areas of Fujian province, HTLV-Ⅰ was the main prevalent virus. The seroprevalence of HTLV-Ⅰwas very low, with no HTLV-Ⅱ. Neither age nor gender seemed to be HTLV-Ⅰ risk factor in the east coastal areas of Fujian province, but the increase of exposure to sex might be one.