减压渣油族组成分析

The Analysis of Vacuum Residue Group Composition

阐述了近10年来超临界流体萃取分馏法(SFEF)、色谱法、波谱法、光谱法在减压渣油(VR)族组成分析中的应用。色谱法包括经典液相色谱法、高效液相色谱法等;波谱法包括质谱法、核磁共振波谱法;光谱法包括红外光谱法、紫外光谱法、同步荧光光谱法等。对这些方法的分析原理、特长与不足、以及它们在减压渣油分析中的应用领域作综述。得出只有几种技术的综合应用才能完成对渣油的分析。超临界流体萃取分馏法、色谱法、波谱法、光谱法提供的数据与化学计量学相结合能对减压渣油的组成、结构进行科学的测定。同时还指出在渣油族组成分析领域,新研究方法的开发,以及现有方法的有机组合和进一步完善是其发展的方向。

The application of supercritical fluid extraction and fraction (SFEF), chromatography, wave spectrum method and spectrum method for the analysis of vacuum residue group composition were reviewed. Chromatography includes: classical liquid chromatography and high pressure liquid chromatography; wave spectrum method includes: mass spectrum, nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum (NMR); spectrum method includes: infrared spectroscopy, ultraviolet spectroscopy, synchronous fluorescence spectrometry (SFS). The analysis mechanism, advantages, shortcomings and applicative rang of those methods were discussed. A conclusion that the analysis of vacuum residue group composition can be completed by the combination of those methods and vacuum residue's structure and composition can be predicted and calculated according to the experiment data and stoichiometry is asserted. At the same time, the development direction that new methods' appearance, old methods' perfection and effective combination is pointed out.