烷基铵盐-氯铝酸类离子液体的物理性质

Physical Character of Alkyl - Containing Ammonium - AluminumChloride Ionic Liquids

研究了由短链烷基铵盐与无水AlCl3合成的烷基铵盐-氯铝酸类离子液体体系;考察了短链烷基铵盐-氯铝酸类离子液体的简单物理性质以及阳离子、温度、溶剂(苯)的摩尔分数和AlCl3的摩尔分数对其性质的影响及其在常见溶剂中的选择溶解性。结果表明,一般随有机阳离子变大,离子液体密度变小,粘度减小,电导率增加;离子液体在常见有机溶剂中的溶解性随溶剂极性的增加而增大;随温度升高,x(AlCl3)增大,粘度降低,电导率增大;由此离子液体与苯形成的三元体系,随苯的质量分数增加,粘度和密度都减少,而电导率却先增加后减少。

The ionic liquids(ILs) used herein are alkyl - containing ammonium - aluminum chloride ILs system, which is made by the reaction of short chain alkyl ammonium salts and aluminum chloride. The influence of cations, temperature, solvent and .r (AlCl3) on the physical characteristics of ILs were investigated, as well as the dissolving capacity of ILs in some common solvent. The results indicate that the densities and kinetic viscosities of ILs decrease and the special conductance increase with the increasing of the organic cation; the dissolving capacity of ILs in the solvents increase with the strengthen of their polarity; the kinetic viscosities decrease and the special conductance increase with the increasing of temperature and x (AlCl3). In the ternary mixtures of alkyl ammonium - aluminum chloride- benzene, the addition of small amount of benzene can result in the decreasing of the density and kinetic viscosity of ILs, while the special conductance first increasing and then decreasing.