共中心道集中品质因子的估计及应用

Estimation of quality factor from CMP gathers and its application

品质因子Q的准确估计是叠前叠后地震数据处理及AVO分析的关键环节,通常从垂直地震剖面数据或叠后地面地震数据中估算出品质因子Q的值,然后再进行衰减补偿。采用一种新的从共中心点道集中估算品质因子Q的方法,根据沿着偏移距和垂直时间方向的因子值与地震数据峰值频率之间的关系,用剥层法估算层品质因子。由估算出的层品质因子值对实际资料进行衰减补偿,得到了较好的应用效果。

Exact quality factor (Q-factor) is very important for pre-and post-stack seismic data processing and AVO analysis. Q -factors are commonly estimated from vertical-seismic-profile data or post-stack surface seismic data, and then compensated for attenuation. A new method for estimating Q -factors from CMP gathers is adopted in this paper, which estimates the Q-factors with layer-stripping approach based on the relation between Q-factors and seismic peak frequency variations both along offset and vertical time directions. Seismic data are then compensated for attenuation using the estimated Q -factors. Desired results have been achieved.