应用骨形成蛋白与胶原膜复合物修复大鼠颅骨缺损

Potential Osteoinduction of Bone Morphogenetic Protein-incorporated Collagen Membrane in Skull Defects in Rats

目的探讨骨形成蛋白(BMP)与胶原膜复合物(复合膜)修复大鼠颅骨缺损的效果。方法将BMP与胶原膜复合,在大鼠颅骨制备骨缺损,分别采用双侧覆盖复合膜、外侧覆盖复合膜进行治疗,以外侧覆盖胶原膜作为平行对照,并设空白对照。于术后2、4、6周,取标本进行X线检查及组织学观察。结果 两个覆盖复合膜组的缺损成骨面积百分比明显高于覆盖胶原膜的平行对照组(P<0.01)。术后4、6周,双侧覆盖复合膜组的成骨面积百分比明显大于单侧覆盖复合膜组(P<0.05)。双侧覆盖复合膜组的缺损术6周后已达骨性愈合。结论BMP与胶原膜复合既具有机械性阻挡作用,又具有骨诱导性,能加速骨缺损愈合。

Objective To explore the role of bone moiphogenetic protein (BMP)-incorporated collagen membrane in repairing skull defects in rats. Methods Prepare a biodegradable GTR membrane by incorporating rhBMP-2 into collagen membrane. Establish the rat model of skull defect by trephination. Two detects apart from 2-3 mm, each at a diameter of about 5 mm, were formed in each rat. Divide the detects in 36 rats into 2 test and 2 (parallel and blank) control groups. The defects in test groups 1 were covered with BMP-incorporated collagen membrane on both dura and pericrania, and those in test group 2 on pericrania alone. The defects in parallel control group were covered with collagen membrane on pericrania, however, those in blank control group were untreated. Kill 12 rats in various groups 2, 4 and 6 weeks after treatment separately, and subject their skulls to X-ray and histological examinations. Results The percentages of bone formation area of the defects in the 2 test groups were significantly higher than those in the 2 control groups ( P < 0.01) . In addition, the percentage of bone formation area of defects 4 and 6 weeks after treatment in test group 1 was significantly higher than that in test group 2. The defects in test group 1 were filled with bone completely 6 weeks after treatment. Conclusion BMP-incorporated collagen membrane showed both mechanical barrier effect and potential osteoinduction, thus can be used for promoting the healing of bone defect.