矮败蓝标型小麦不育系的选育与研究

Breeding Dwarf Male Sterile Wheat with a Blue Seed Marker

利用蓝粒太谷核不育硬粒小麦 89 2 343[AABB + 4D(MS2 ) / 4E]与普通小麦 7739 3( 2n =4 2 )杂交、回交所产生的蓝粒可育株与白粒矮败材料杂交、回交 ,育成了一份矮败蓝粒小麦。选用 13份遗传背景不同的白粒普通小麦与之杂交、回交 ,育成了 13份矮败蓝粒小麦。对后代的粒色和育性分离进行分析 ,蓝粒矮败不育株占 2 2 1% ,白粒非矮秆可育株占 77 7% ,表明蓝粒基因、Ms2和Rht10均位于附加染色体上 ,且连锁紧密 ;但不同轮回亲本 ,矮败蓝粒的传递率有差异 ,4 77A的传递率最高 ,接近 5 0 %。细胞学分析表明矮败蓝粒小麦仍为单体附加系 ;探讨了矮败蓝粒小麦在群体改良和杂种小麦生产中的应用。

Using 89 2343, a durum wheat addition line with Ms2 and blue seed, crossed and backcrossed with common wheat line 7739 3 to produce fertile plants from blue seeds (MFP BS). To add the blue seed marker to Rht10 and Ms2, short male sterile plants were fertilized by pollen of selected MFP BS. Thirteen dwarf male sterile wheats with blue seed marker were bred based on the different genotypes. The segregation ratios of male sterility and seed color as well as chromosome figure of different plants indicated that the blue grain genes, Ms2 and Rht10 were located on the same additional chromosome. Cytological analysis showed that the blue marker male sterile lines in common wheat was monosomic with an additional chromosome. The inheritance ratio for blue seed male sterile plants and white seed male fertile plants in progeny was 22 1% and 77 7%, respectively. Moreover, the potential application for blue marker sterile lines in population improvement and hybrid production is discussed.