区域环境负荷计量的当量因子法——以广东省佛山市富营养化污染负荷为例

The equivalent factor method of regional environmental loads(EL) quantification—— with eutrophication pollution load in Foshan City, Guangdong Province as an example.

提出了一种基于当量因子的环境负荷计量方法,其原理是根据不同环境干扰因子对同一种环境影响类型的相对贡献大小来进行计量.具体包括环境影响类型的确定、环境干扰因子的识别与归类,以及按当量关系进行汇总3个步骤.该方法可为区域环境规划与污染控制提供技术支持.以广东省佛山市富营养化污染负荷计量为实证进行了研究.结果表明,2001年排放的富营养化污染负荷量约为437.0kt NO3-当量,其中贡献最大的是农业生产部门,其次是工业生产部门和人类生活.主要污染物是氨的排放,其次是NOx的排放.

Quantifying environmental loads (EL) is always the basis of making regional environmental planning and environmental impact (EI) assessment. An iso-standard method of critical dilution volume (CDV) widely used at present can not reflect scientifically the quantitative relationship between EL and EI. An EL quantification method based on the equivalent factor was proposed by the author. Its principal is quantifying based on the relative contribution scale of different environmental disturbance factor (EDF) on same type of EI, including concretely three steps: determination of EI type identification and classification of EDF, and data collection based on the equivalent relation; this method could suggest scientific basis for regional environmental planning and pollution control. A positive study on the quantification of water eutrophication pollution load (EPL) of Foshan City, Guangdong Province was also made in this papers. EPL discharged in year 2001 was about 437.0 kt NO3- equivalency, of which the greatest contribution was from agricultural production sector, next industrial production sector and human living. The main pollutant discharged was NH3 and next NOx.