三元乙丙橡胶/蒙脱土纳米复合材料 Ⅲ.制备、表征及有机插层剂的选择

EPDM/montmorillonite nanocomposite Ⅲ.Preparation,characterization and selection of intercalation reagents

以长链烷基季铵盐、带有羟基或苄基的有机季铵盐为插层剂,对钠基蒙脱土进行改性后得到了有机蒙脱土。在100份(质量,下同)EPDM中加入15份有机蒙脱土或40份高耐磨炭黑制备了二者的纳米复合材料。X射线衍射和透射电镜分析表明,由带有羟基插层剂改性的钠基蒙脱土制备的纳米复合材料为剥离型,而其他2种为插层型。有机蒙脱土填充的纳米复合材料的力学性能与高耐磨炭黑填充者相当。与EPDM相比,剥离型纳米复合材料的拉伸强度提高了3～4倍,透气率降低了近40%。

The intercalation reagents of the e thy-lene -propylene dienemonomer(EPDM)/montmo-rillonite nanocomposites were studied.The modifica-tion of the layered silicate using oc tadecyltrimethyl -ammonium chloride,cocoalkylmethylbishydroxylam-monium chloride and octadecyldimethylbenxylam-monium chloride as intercalation re agents were ex-plored.The results of the XRD and the TEM indi-cated that the exfoliated nanocomposite was obtained when the intercalation reagent with the hydroxyl groups was used.The mechanical prop erties and the gas barrier properties of the interc alated especially exfoliated nanocomposites were imp roved greatly.