马克思创作《资本论》时对“劳动价值论一元论”的明确否定——读《政治经济学批判(1857—1858年草稿)》一个重要注释

Marx’s Definite Negation to Monism of Labor Embodied Value Theory in Das Capital

古典经济学中的李嘉图学派坚持典型的“劳动价值论一元论”。面对诘难,它力求通过扩大“劳动”外延的办法以自救,甚至把“资本”也扩大进来,最终导致解体。马克思在《资本论》写作中,曾花功夫思考自己的“生产力(率)价值论”体系与李嘉图学派的本质区别,指出应把使用价值引进“价值”之中,这种“引入”是从抽象的劳动价值论出发,在叙述中逐步加入使用价值因素及其决定性,从而使“价值”具体化的过程,包括适当肯定“生产要素论”的某些合理性。

In the classic economics,the school of Lijatu insisted on the typical monism of labor embodied value theory.Faced with criticism,it endeavored to survive by enlarging the extension of labor even to capital,which result-ed in its disintegration.When writing Das Capital,Marx made an effort to reflect the essential differences between his productive forces value theory and that of Lijatu School.Marx indicated that use value should be invited into value,which started from the absolute labor embodied value th eory,added the elements of use value and its determination in the description so that the course of particularizing the value included confirming the rationality of factor of production theory.