论朱熹对佛教的认识

An Inquiry on Zhu Xi's Understanding About Buddhism

考察朱熹对佛教的认识对解决长期困扰学术界的朱子学与佛学关系有一定意义。朱熹青少年时期曾涉入佛学,甚至在约19至24岁时还曾试图按禅的方法“修证”。但由于各方面的原因,他对佛教知识的了解缺乏系统性;对佛教“空”的理解认为即是无,这与佛教本身有很大差距。但有证据显示他掌握了佛教初步的观空方法。朱熹对佛教的批评受到这种认识的影响。

To settle the difficult problem about relations between Zhu Xi's theory and Buddhism, we ought to make an inquiry on Zhu Xi's Buddhism knowledge. Young Zhu Xi set food in Buddhism, especially in the age of 19-24, he even tried to practise Dhyana. But, for the various reasons, he was short of Buddhism knowledge. He think the Buddhist 'Kong' is equal to nothing, at least nothing in noumenon. But some evidences proved that he had mastered the primary idea of 'Kong'. Meantime, his understanding in the theory of Buddhism was not close to itself. Zhu Xi's criticism on Buddhism was aeffected by these understandings.