论现代汉语关系分句的限定性

On Restrictiveness of Chinese Relative Clauses

关于汉语关系分句的限定性,迄今为止有两种观点:一种认为汉语关系分句有限定性与非限定性之分,另一种则认为汉语没有非限定性关系分句。持第一种观点的研究者认为,两种关系分句的划分取决于句法因素———关系分句与名词性短语中其它修饰成分的线性顺序:位于指示词之前的是限定性的,位于其后的是非限定性的。其实,汉语既有限定性的又有非限定性的关系分句,而且两种关系分句的划分并非取决于句法因素,而是取决于音系因素———对比重音:带对比重音的是限定性的,否则是非限定性的。

There are two issues with respect to the study of the restrictiveness of relative clauses (RCs) in Chinese: (i) whether there is a distinction between restrictive and non-restrictive RCs and (ii) if the answer to (i) is positive, how the two types of RCs can be distinguished. As a matter of fact, there are no non-restrictive RCs in Chinese and then propose a new way of determining the restrictiveness of Chinese RCs; specifically, the two types of RCs in Chinese are not distinguished, as is claimed in existing research, by syntactic factors, i.e. the linear order of the RC and the demonstrative in the nominal phrase, but by prosodic factors: RCs carrying contrastive stress are restrictive and those that do not are non-restrictive.