精神分裂症患者一级亲属的阴性症状和认知功能研究

Negative Symptoms and Cognitive Functions of the First Degree Relatives of Schizophrenia

目的 :探讨精神分裂症一级亲属的阴性症状和认知功能。方法 :采用威斯康星卡片分类测验、持续注意测验、词语解释、数字广度、词语广度和空间广度测验 ,阴性症状量表等评估认知功能和阴性症状。结果 :词语解释、CPT视觉 /听觉漏报、反应时间和WCST持续错误数、总应答数、随机错误数等在对照组亲属、单发家系亲属、高发家系亲属中呈渐差趋势 ,阴性症状也有相同趋势 ,单发家系亲属评分介于对照亲属与高发家系亲属之间。与对照组相比 ,病例组一级亲属的WCST的正确分类数、完成分类数更少 ,视觉 /听觉反应时间更长 ,视觉漏报更多 ,阴性症状更明显 ,这些差异有非常显著性意义。结论 :精神分裂症患者部分一级亲属有不同程度的认知功能损害和一些阴性症状。具有一定的遗传特质性 ,是发生精神分裂症的高危人群。

Objective:To investigate the negative symptoms and cognitive functions of the first degree relatives of schizophrenia.Methods:All of the subjects were assessed by Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), Continuous Performance Test(CPT), verbal explanation subscale of Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale(WAIS), digit span,spacial span,and verbal span subscales of Multidimensional Memory Scale(MMS) and SANS.Results:In comparison with the control groups, significant defects on WCST and CPT performance were found in the first degree relatives of schizophrenia, and there were obvious negative symptoms in the latter group. The verbal explanation scores, CPT and WCST performance of the relatives of single-schizophrenic pedigrees were worse than those of the relatives of control group but better than those of the relatives of multi-schizophrenic pedigrees.Conclusion: Part of the first degree relatives of schizophrenia exhibited cognitive impairment,and showed a certain degree of negative symptoms, which explored the presence of genetic vulnerability.