黄河下游宽河道治理对策

Countermeasures for Wide River Channel Management of the Lower Yellow River

黄河下游宽河道治理因河道宽浅散乱、河势游荡多变、人水矛盾突出而一直是黄河治理的焦点和难点。人工干预来水来沙措施的采用、来水总量的减少以及社会发展为其有效治理带来了机遇,宽河固堤、窄河弱防、整治小水河槽是治理黄河河南段宽河道的有效途径。黄河下游宽河道治理应采取的具体措施是:①强力推进标准化堤防建设;②修筑黄河滩区堤防,保障漫滩安全;③整治小水河槽。

The taming of wide channels in the lower Yellow River is always the focus and difficult point of the Yellow River management because of wide, shallow and scattered channels, wandering and changeable of river regime and sharp contradiction between human and water. The factors of adopted measures of artificial interfered coming water and sediment, reduction of the total volume of coming water and social development have brought an opportunity for effective management. Strengthening dykes at the wide section, paying less attention to the narrow section and training low flow channels are the effective ways for harnessing the wide section of the Yellow River in Henan. The detailed measures should be adopted for harnessing the wide section in the lower Yellow River are:① Strongly to carry standardized dykes forward; ② To build dykes in floodplain and; ③ To train low flow channels.