某卫校学生乙肝病毒感染状况及四年后追踪调查结果分析

Four years follow up investigation of the Hepatitis B virus infection in students enrolled in health school

目的:了解医学生在校学习期间HBV感染情况及其变化规律,为学校乙肝防治工作提供依据。方法:应用ELISA法对1999年入学的370名新生进行了乙肝感染五项标志物检测,2003年毕业体检时做了同样指标的追踪调查。结果:新生入学时HBsAg阳性率为6.49%,HBV感染率为20.27%,毕业体检时HBsAg阳性的学生增加了17例,HBsAg阳性率为11.23%,HBV感染率为26.85%,两者相比其差异有显著性意义(P<0.05)。在17例新增的HBsAg阳性的学生中,护士生占13例。结论:医学生是HBV感染的危险人群,应加强预防乙肝健康宣教和学生自身保护意识,在入学时对易感者及时接种乙肝疫苗。

Objective To exam the new infection of hepatitis B virus in students during their college period and therefore provide basic information for hepatitis B prevention and treatment in students for health profession. Methods 370 students in 1999 were examined at the time of enrollment and again at the time of graduates in 2003. They were tested for hepatitis B infection using routine commercially available ELISA method. Results There were a total of 365 students completed the 4-year college study and therefore the follow up rate was 98.6%. At the time of enrollment,the prevalence of serum HBsAg positive among the students was 6.49%,and the hepatitis B infection rate was 20.27%. By the time of graduate,there were 17 more case of HBsAg positive students were identified. The prevalence of serum HBsAg positive increased to 11.23%and the infection rate increased to 26.85%. The increase for both prevalence and infection rate were statistically significant (P <0.05). 13 out of 17 new infection cases were nurse students. Conclusions There are relatively high incidence of hepatitis B infection occurs during 4 years of college study for students enrolled in health,especially for female students. Further education about hepatitis B prevention and vaccination to non-immune students at the time enrollment are very important to prevent spread of hepatitis B virus among students in medical colleges.