全站仪测算伐区设计蓄积的原理及其应用

The Principle and Application Analysis of Volume Measure by Total Station

对全站仪测树原理进行了研究分析,应用全站仪与PC-E500袖珍计算机或PDA连接,可自动测算伐区或样地内每一株立木的树高、胸径或树干任意高度处直径,进而可自动而精准地计算出单木材积和伐区立木蓄积.理论上,树高的量测精度可达1/1400,直径的量测精度可达1/200.实测结果表明:全站仪重复测量数据比较稳定,直径的量测误差在毫米级以内,树高的量测误差控制在厘米级,材积测定精度可优于1%,均高于测树的需要精度.全站仪测树技术实现了实时、快速、精准测定立木材积,不用材积表推求蓄积量,克服了传统测树方法的缺陷,其实测数据可作为伐区设计立木蓄积的测算依据.

A study and analysis of the principle of forest measurement by total station, with the connection of PC-E500 pocket-sized computer or PDA palm computer, enables us automatically to survey each tree's height, diameter at breast or any other stem diameter in the felling area or of samples and then calculate accurately the volume of a single tree and a stand in the felling area. In theory, the precision of height measurement can reach 1/1 400 and that of diameter 1/200. The factual measurement result indicates that the data of repeated measuring is quite stable by Total Station; that the measuring error of diameter is in millimeter degree, that of height is controlled in centimeter degree and the volume measurement precision precedes 1%; and that all the data are more precise than the forest measurement precision required. The technique of forest measurement by total station can timely, quickly and accurately realize the measurement of a stand's volume instead of using a volume table to ascertain forest volume. It has broken through the limitation of traditional forest measurement method, providing a firm basis for the design of stand volume measurement in felling areas.