后发优势新论——兼论中国经济发展的动力

New Explanation on Late-development Advantages & China's Economic Development

后发优势即为后发国家的后发地位所致的特殊利益。这种优势不应该仅仅从科学技术角度来理解,而应该从更广的视角来理解它。从发展的要素角度来考虑,后发优势应该包括资本、劳动、技术、制度和结构5个方面。在经济全球化条件下,这些后发优势更为明显和突出。中国经济持续快速增长的主要动因在于充分发挥了各种后发优势,改革开放只是这些后发优势的潜力得以实现的触发器。经济发展一般有4种战略可供选择:跟随战略、追赶战略、赶超战略和超越战略,从目前的实际情况看,我国应该继续奉行追赶战略,即后发优势战略,因为我国在经济上和技术上与发达国家的差距仍然很大。

Advantages of late-development are particular benefits that are inherent in latecomer's position. This kind of advantages can't be understood only from the technological perspective, but from the wider perspective. According to latter one, advantages of late-development, we think, should include 5 parts such as capital, labor, technology, institution and structure. These advantages become more apparent under economic globalization. The driving forces of China's rapid and lasting growth lies in full realization of potentials of these advantages of late-development, and the reform and opening-door policies are just a trigger to realize the potentials of these advantages. There are four alternative strategies in the progress of economic development: follow-up, catch-up, overrun and overtake. At present, the catch-up strategy, that is, the strategy of late-developing advantage, is still a correct one China should pursue because the economic and technological gaps between China and developed countries remains quite large.