三价铬和六价铬对小鼠骨髓细胞微核率和精子畸变影响的比较

The Effect of Trivalent Chromium and Hexavalent Chromium on the Micronuclear Rate and the Sperm Abnormality of Mice

背景与目的 :比较不同价态铬化合物对小鼠体细胞和雄性生殖细胞的遗传毒性。材料与方法 :小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核实验和小鼠精子畸变分析。结果 :小鼠骨髓微核实验 ,分别以1/5LD50、1/10LD50、1/20LD50 作为高、中、低剂量组。CrCl3各剂量组微核率与对照组相比均差异无显著性 ;K2Cr2O7 各剂量组微核率与对照组相比明显增高 ,差异有显著性。CrCl3 和K2Cr2O7各剂量组骨髓细胞PCE/RBC比值随剂量的增高均呈现下降趋势 ,但均高于0.1;小鼠精子畸变分析试验 ,分别1/2LD50、1/4LD50、1/8LD50 为高、中、低剂量组。CrCl3 和K2Cr2O7 各剂量组精子畸形率与对照组相比均明显增高 ,差异有显著性意义。结论 :CrCl3对体细胞染色体无损伤作用 ,但对雄性生殖细胞具有遗传毒性 ;K2Cr2O7 对体细胞和雄性生殖细胞均不具有毒性作用。在相同的致死效应剂量下 ,K2Cr2O7对体细胞和雄性生殖细胞的损伤程度要明显高于CrCl3。

BACKGROUND&AIM: To evaluate the toxic effect of chromium to the boby cell and the sperm of mice. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The micronuclear test in polychromatic erythrocytes(PCES)of bone marrow and the sperm abnormality test were applyed in mice model. RESULTS: For the micronuclear test,use1/5LD 50 、1/10LD 50 、1/20LD 50 as the high,middle,and low dosage respectively.The results showed that CrCl 3 had no significant effect on the micronuclear rate in treatment groups and control group(P>0.05).While K 2 Cr 2 O 7 could dramatically increase the micronuclear rate,which was significantly higher than that of control group(P<0.01).the ratio of PCE/RBC in every group presented in reverse relationship with the dosage of CrCl 3 and K 2 Cr 2 O 7 ,but higher than0.1.For the sperm abnormality test,use1/2LD 50 、1/4LD 50 、1/8LD 50 as the high,middle,and low dosage respectively.The sperm abnormality rate of CrCl 3 and K 2 Cr 2 O 7 treatment groups were significantly higher than that of control group(P<0.05). CONCLUSION: CrCl 3 have no toxicity on the boby cell and might have genotoxicity effect on the sperm of mice.K 2 Cr 2 O 7 has significantly toxicity on the boby cell and sperm of mice.With the same dosage of lethal effect,the toxicity effect of K 2 Cr 2 O 7 is significantly stronger than that of CrCl 3 .