江门市从业人员职业体检9999人的HBV感染血清学调查

A serological study on HBV infection among 9999 employees in Jiangmen

目的 了解江门市从业人员乙型肝炎病素 (HBV)感染和流行情况 ,为卫生监督、疾病诊断、防治工作提供依据。方法 用酶联免疫吸附试验 (ELISA)法对 9999例来我中心进行职业体检的从业人员的HBV血清学 5项标志物 (两对半 )检测结果进行统计学分析。结果 共检出HBsAg阳性 10 2 8例 ,总阳性率为 10 2 8% ;HBV感染者 3 177例 ,总感染率为3 1 77% ;男性HBV感染率为 3 4 49% ,女性HBV感染率为 2 8 80 % ,男性明显高于女性 (χ2 =3 7 18,P <0 .0 0 5 ) ;不同工种间 ,以有毒工种人员HBV感染率最高 ,为 3 8 75 % ;其次为桑拿按摩从业人员 ,感染率为 3 5 41% ;再次为饮食行业人员 ,感染率为 3 2 0 0 % ;最低为公共场所从业人员 ,感染率为 3 0 0 1% ,各工种间的感染率差异有非常显著性 (χ2 =17 65 ,P <0 .0 0 5 ) ;共检出 18种两对半模式 ,特殊模式较多出现。结论 该市从业人员HBV感染仍处于较高水平 ,某些特殊工种人群感染严重 ,常规检查肝功能 ,两对半不可忽视。应加大监督力度 。

To investigate the HBV infection and transmission among employees in Jiangmen and to provide basis for sanitary supervision, diseases diagnosis and prevention. ELISA was applied to make an analysis of the HBV serology markers (HBVM) among 9 999 employees who had taken medical examinations in our center. 1 028 cases were found HBsAg positive with an overall positive rate of 10.28%; 3 177 cases were found infected with HBV with an overall infection rate of 31.77%. The infection rate was 34.49% among male and 28.8% among female. The infection rate of male was significantly higher than that of the female (χ 2=37.18, P<0.005). The infection rates in different occupations were different. The highest was 38.75% among the employees undertaking toxin-involved jobs; the second highest was 35.41% among the employees engaged in sauna; the third was 32.00% among those working in catering field; the lowest is 30.01% among those working in public places. The difference of infection rates among different occupations is significant (χ 2=17.65, P<0.005). 18 types of HBV serology markers were detected and special models appeared fairly frequently. [Conclusion] the HBV infection rate still remains high among employees in Jiangmen city. The employees in some special occupations are exposed to serious infection. Regular test of the liver function and HBVM cannot be overlooked. It is necessary to intensify the monitoring of the disease and effectively prevent HBV from spreading and transmitting.