从水质水量相结合的角度评价黄河的水资源

Integrated water quality and quantity evaluation of the Yellow River

论文建立了流域水资源数量与质量联合评价的方法,提出了水资源功能容量与水资源功能亏缺的概念。根据黄河流域1997～1999年间主要水文站点逐月的水质监测数据、水文数据及各取水口逐月的取水量数据,对黄河流域的水资源进行了水质水量综合评价。结果表明,1997、1998和1999年,黄河具备水资源功能的总水量分别为210.99×108m3、288.04×108m3和292.43×108m3,分别占总天然径流量的66.3％、65.6％和67.4％,从3年平均来看,黄河具备水资源功能的总水量只占实际需求水资源量的53％,其中,大约47％的水资源短缺是由水体污染所导致,剩余的53％是由水量短缺所导致。黄河的水资源功能容量和水资源功能亏缺均较大,且前者大于后者,说明在大部分情况下,黄河实际的水质要优于达到水资源功能所要求的水质。

An integrated water quantity and quality evaluation method has been set up for drainage basins,and the integration concepts of water resources functional capacity and water resources functional deficit have been put forward.Based on the monthly data of water quality and water quantity as well as the withdrawals,an integration evaluation of water quantity and quality have been conducted for the Yellow River.The results indicate that the total water resources availabilities were 21.1,28.8 and 29.2 billion m3 occupying about 66.3%,65.6%,and 67.4% of the total runoffs in 1997,1998 andl999,respectively.From 1997 to 1999,the river could provide only 53% (on average)of the total water resources demand for the uses and discharge to the Bohai Sea.About 47% of the water resources deficiency resulted from water pollution,and 53% resulted from water quantity deficiency.Both water resources functional capacity and deficit were large; and the former was little higher than the latter,which suggests that actual water quality was better than the requirement of water resources function in most cases.