《嘉祐本草》增引的“唐本”考察

Investigation on supplements from Tang Edition (TE) cited in Jia You ben cao (Materia Medica of Jia You Reign)

唐代《新修本草》 ,后世又称作“唐本草” ,是世界第一部国家药典 ,原书已佚 ,诸家多有引录。宋代掌禹锡等编撰《嘉本草》时 ,曾增引过“唐本”文字。但分析《嘉本草》所增引的“唐本” ,可以认为 :掌禹锡并未见过《新修本草》原书 ,其所引“唐本”与《蜀本草》有相同的特征 ,应来源于《蜀本草》。据此可以推论 :《新修本草》在嘉二年 (10 5 7)编撰《嘉本草》时或已散佚。由于并非直接摘录于《新修本草》 ,《嘉本草》所引“唐本”佚文的信实程度有待多方评估 ,辑复《新修本草》时对此应谨慎处理。

Xin xiu ben cao (Newly Revised Materia Medica), also called Tang ben cao (Materia Medica of the Tang Dynasty) is the first state pharmacopoeia in the world, the original edition of which was lost yet cited by various books. After analyzing the TE in Jia You ben cao (Materia Medica of Jia You Reign) supplemantarily cited by Zhang Yuxi in the Song Dynasty, the author holds that Zhang himself didn't witness Xin xiu ben cao (Newly Revised Materia Medica) and the so-called TE ought to be derived from Shu ben cao (Materia Medica of Sichuan) because both share the same features. Inference can also be drawn that Xin xiu ben cao ( Newly Revised Materia Medica) might have been lost at the time when Jia You ben cao (Materia Medica of Jia You Reign) was compiled in the 2 nd year of Jia You Reign (A.D.1057). As the TE was not directly extracted from Xin xiu ben cao (Newly Revised Materia Medica), the trustworthiness of the texts allegedly cited from Xin xiu ben cao should be evaluated in many ways and it should be dealt with prudently while recompiling Xin xiu ben cao (Newly Revised Materia Medica).