长白山暗针叶林苔藓植物生物量的研究

Bryophyte biomass in dark coniferous forest of Changbai Mountain

在长白山北坡暗针叶林对地面和树附生苔藓植物的生物量进行了测定 .地面生苔藓采取样带调查取样法测定 ,树附生苔藓应用McCune方法对树干和树枝的附生苔藓生物量都做了细致的测定 .结果表明 ,长白山暗针叶林中的苔藓植物分布很不均匀 ,随海拔变化差异很大 ,海拔 110 0m最低 ,仅为 5 4 3kg·hm-2 ;海拔 12 5 0m最高 ,达 5 0 97kg·hm-2 .苔藓植物生物量的变化对生境有很好的指示作用 ,特别是塔藓和拟垂枝藓的生物量随海拔的变化与森林系统的群落学特点有一定的相关性 :在海拔 110 0～ 170 0m ,塔藓的生物量与臭冷杉的重要值变化趋势相近 ,随海拔升高而减少 ;拟垂枝藓的生物量与鱼鳞云杉重要值的变化趋势相似 ,随海拔升高而增加 .此外 ,生物量随海拔的变化表明了不同苔藓植物对环境条件要求的差异 ,拟垂枝藓比塔藓水分条件要求更高 .因此 ,生物量的研究在植物生理上也有一定的指示作用 .

In this paper,the floor and epiphytic bryophyte biomass was sampled from the dark coniferous forest on the north slope of Changbai Mountain,with an altitude from 1100 m to 1700 m.The floor bryophyte biomass was measured by the method of transect sampling,and epiphytic bryophyte biomass was measured by McCune method.The results showed that bryophytes distributed unevenly,and their biomass changed greatly with increasing altitude.The biomass was the least (543 kg·hm -2 ) at 1 100 m,but the greatest (5 097 kg·hm -2 ) at 1 250 m.The changes of bryophytes biomass could indicate different environmental situations.The biomass change of Hylocomium splendens and Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus with ascending altitude had some relativity with the community character of forest ecosystem.The biomass of Hylocomium splendens increased,but that of Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus decreased with altitude ascending from 1 100 m to 1 700 m.Moreover,the biomass changes could also show the needed physiological conditions of different bryophytes.