Relationship between calcium and atmospheric dust recorded in Guliya ice core

By the analyses of Guliya ice core on the Ti-betan Plateau, it was found that the calcium (Ca2+) origi-nated from the terrestrial source is the main cation of soluble aerosol and a good proxy of the atmospheric component and environment in the mountain ice core located in the mid-low latitude arid regions. Evident variation of Ca2+ concentration has been found in the Guliya ice core since the Last Intergla-ciation with two relatively strong increase periods and two weak increase periods. These variations are generally related to climatic changes: high Ca2+ concentration periods coincide with cold periods and low Ca2+ concentration periods coin-cide with warm periods. However, Ca2+ concentration does not always decrease (increase) with climate warming (cool-ing). The magnitude and phase of Ca2+ concentration does not always match temperature either. The changes of at-mospheric circulation, land surface condition and atmos-pheric humidity might be important factors which influence Ca2+ concentration besides temperature.