从《空山灵雨》看许地山的宗教关怀

Viewing Xu Dishan's Religious Solicitude from his Sacred Rain in the Empty Mountains

许地山是现代文学史上独特的"这一个"。其独特性不在于艺术性,而根本来自于其非同寻常的宗教关怀。许地山的宗教关怀特性在于其"兼容并蓄、和而不同"的宗教态度,并将这种宗教思想意识处处渗透于其文学创作中,使其各得其所,有机融会于浓郁的人间关怀之中。散文是最容易表现作者真实感情和心灵世界的文体。因此,通过解读许地山的散文集《空山灵雨》,可见许地山的宗教关怀是融合了儒佛道的精神因素,又不拘束于传统精神,而以基督教为精神皈依。具体则是:以佛教的"生本不乐"作为审视人生基本视点和感情基调,融道家的顺应自然作为处世之道,但最后的精神皈依却是基督教的博爱和担当精神。

Xu Dishan is unique in the modern literary history in China. His uniqueness lies not in his art but in hi extraordinary religious solicitude. His religious concern is characterized by 'containing all and differing from others'. He put this religious thought into his writing, which makes perfect both his writing and his thought. Prose can be easily used to express the author's real feelings and mental world. Therefore, by interpreting his Sacred Rain in the Empty Mountains, the readers can discover that in his work Confucianism, Taoism and Buddhism are in harmony, but at the same time, he is beyond the traditional spirit and relies on Christianity. More specifically, he uses a Buddhist thought of 'inborn unhappiness' as the basic point of view and emotional tone for examining the life, the Taoist thought of conforming to nature as the walking in this world, but in the end turn to Christian's caritas and responsibility as the resting place.