血流量改变和高脂饮食对动脉壁重构的影响

Effects of hemodynamics and hypercholesterolemia on the artery remodeling grafted into the vein in rabbits

目的 对动脉移植于静脉后再饲高脂饮食发生的形态学改变进行探讨 ,以了解动脉移植于静脉是否发生硬化和重构。方法 兔 3 0只 (5组 ) ,将一侧颈总动脉移植于对侧颈外静脉 ,饲高脂饮食。测定血脂 ,在术后不同时间点取材。光、电镜观察。对管腔面积 ,管壁厚度和面积进行测量和统计分析。结果 动物均出现了明显的高脂血症。移植段管壁渐变薄 ,即术后 0、1、2周、1、2和 3个月时为 [(10 7.0± 16.6)、(94.0± 16.4)、(87.0± 7.4)、(4 0 .0± 8.2 )、(3 5 .0± 6.9)和(18.0± 3 .5 ) μm] ,管腔和管壁面积缩小 ,未见脂纹和斑块。对照动脉管腔面积渐增加 ,但厚度下降 ,可见内皮损伤、脂纹和粥样斑块。结论 动脉移植后 ,结构逐渐静脉化 ,对动脉硬化的易感性低于原位动脉 ,对照侧动脉产生适应性重构。

Objective To investigate the morphologic changes of artery grafts to vein in hyperlipidemic rabbits.Methods In 30 rabbits with high lipid diet were divided into 5 groups and their left carotid arteries were interposed into right lateral jugular veins.The blood lipid levels were measured.The related blood vessels were harvested at different time points postoperatively and observed under light and electron microscope.The lumen areas,wall thickness and area were measured and analyzed statistically.Results Apparent hyperlipidemia occurred in all rabbits.The wall of grafted artery was getting thinned and was (107.0±16.6),(94.0±16.4),(87.0±7.4),(40.0±8.2),(35.0±6.9) and (18.0± 3.5) μm at week 0,1,2,month 1,2,and 3 after operation respectively.Their area of lumen and wall become less gradually and no fatty streak and plaque was seen.In control common carotid arteries,the lumen areas were increased by degree postoperatively,but its wall thickness decreased gradually,and endothelium injury,fatty streak and plaque were seen.Conclusion After artery was interposed into vein,its susceptibility to atherosclerosis is less than that of natural artery and the structural changes of wall developed to the vein.The artery on the control side developed an adaptive remodeling.