氧平衡对粉状硝铵炸药爆炸性能影响的数学计算方法

METHOD OF MATHEMATICAL CALCULATION FOR THE EFFECT OF OXYGEN BALANCE ON THE EXPLOSION PROPERTY OF POWDERY AMMONIUM NITRATE EXPLOSIVES

通过建立粉状硝铵炸药配方设计的数学模型 ,研究了在不同氧平衡条件下无梯硝铵炸药、铵梯 (油 )炸药和含铝铵梯油炸药的理论爆热、有毒气体排放量和炸药比容 ;证实降低粉状硝铵炸药的氧平衡 ,炸药的爆热降低 ,有毒气体CO排放量增加 ,炸药的比容略有增加 ;本文提供了一种设定氧平衡条件下 ,获得最大爆热的配方设计方法和有毒气体量、爆热、比容的预估计算方法 。

Mathematical model for the formulation design of powdery ammonium nitrate(AN) explosives was studied. The theoretical explosion heat, specific volume and toxic gas volume of AN explosive without TNT, AN explosive containing TNT and fuel oil, as well as AN explosive containing aluminum powder and TNT at different oxygen balance values have been calculated respectively. The following results are confirmed,viz. that when the oxygen balance value of powdery AN explosive is decreased, the theoretical explosion heat is reduced, the specific volume increases, and toxic gas volume also increases. In this paper, a method for formulation design was proposed, in which maximum theoretical explosion heat was obtained at an assumed oxygen balance condition. A way for the predictable calculation of the theoretical explosion heat, specific volume and volume of toxic gas AN explosive was suggested. These are useful for the determination of AN explosives formulation.