沙棘木蠹蛾成虫行为学特征及性诱效果研究

Adult behaviors and sex attraction of Holcocerus hippophaecolus(Lepidoptera: Cossidae)

为沙棘木蠹蛾性引诱剂的开发和利用作准备 ,在内蒙古鄂尔多斯地区 ,就与沙棘木蠹蛾性引诱有关的几个生物生态学特性进行了研究 .结果表明 ,沙棘木蠹蛾 7月中旬进入羽化高峰期 ,1 5 :0 0— 1 8:0 0羽化量占日羽化总量的 90 % .雌蛾的求偶行为主要发生在 2 0 :0 0— 0 :0 0 .未观察到雌蛾多次交尾现象 ,偶尔可见雌蛾未交尾即产卵 .雌蛾寿命一般 2～ 7d ,平均 4d ;雄蛾寿命 3～ 8d ,平均 6d .处女雌蛾在林缘上风方向 30～ 1 0 0 0m都能诱到一定数量的雄蛾 .雌蛾的求偶行为表现出很强的时间节律 ,通过悬挂 7个处女雌蛾诱捕器连续观察发现 ,2 0 :0 0— 0 :0 0诱蛾量占日诱总量的 94 2 % ,1日龄处女雌蛾诱蛾量最多 ,随着处女雌蛾日龄的增加 ,诱蛾数量下降 .雌蛾腹部性腺体粗提物具有引诱雄蛾活力 ,交配雌蛾不再具有引诱雄蛾能力 .雌蛾的求偶暗期为 1～ 2h .

Holcocerus hippophaecolus (Lepidoptera: Cossidae) has been one of the dangerous forest pests in North China in recent years. Due to woodboring habits of the larvae in the rhizome, it is very difficult to be controlled by insecticides. Using sex pheromone is a promising alternative technique in controlling this pest.In this paper, the adult behaviors and sex attraction of SC were investigated. The results show that the adult emergence in Erdos, Inner Mongolia culminates in the middle of July. 90% of eclosions emerge from 15:00 to 18:00 daily. The peak period of female calling is from 20:00 to 0:00 daily. The lifespan of female adults is 3 to 8 days, while the males can last from 2 to 7 days. The female mating for many times has not been observed. The female adults were observed to oviposit without mating occasionally. The delta traps baited with a virgin female catch the males away from 30 to 1 000 m.The female calling showed distinct circadian rhythms. 94 2% of males are trapped from 20:00 to 0:00 daily. The delta traps with a one day old virgin female catch the most males. The delta traps with the extraction of the female glands can catch the males. The female callings emerge during 1 to 2 h after the onset of scotophase.