基于GIS的流域地貌形态分形盒维数测定方法研究

GIS-based Approach for Measuring the Fractal Box Dimension of Watershed Topography

流域地貌形态分形维数测定是目前地貌分形研究的薄弱环节,对于流域水土流失预报模型中地貌因子量化具有重要科学意义。依据分形盒维数测定原理,结合流域地貌的复杂三维立体特性,提出了以地形等高线为基本数据源,以GIS技术作为主要实现手段的流域地貌形态分形盒维数测定方法,编制出了相关测算程序,并以岔巴沟流域为例进行了实证研究。结果表明,该方法快速、准确、数据可靠,可实现不同尺度流域地貌形态分形盒维数的测定。

The fractal dimension measure of watershed topography is the unsubstantial part of topography fractal study, and it is very important for the prediction model of soil and water loss in small watershed. Based on the principle of measuring the fractal box dimension and the character of watershed topography, the approach for measuring the fractal dimension of watershed topography is put forward by the technique of GIS, whose data is from contour line. We operated demonstration research by taking Chabagou watershed as an example. The results show that this approach is fast, exact, credible and can get the fractal box dimension of watershed topography of different scope.