经济全球化中非对称性竞争与复杂性动态优势

Nonsymmetrical Competition and Complex Dynamic AdvantagesDuring the Process of Economic Globalization

各国经济发展水平的不同导致在共同规则下各国之间经济竞争出现非对称性。这种非对称性主要表现在市场化广度和深度、企业家精神与洞察力、技术水平与技术开发能力、市场监控能力、资本存量与资本形成能力、市场信号反应能力、市场规律的把握能力等。非对称性竞争会导致发展中国家的经济很容易过早地进入低水平稳定态并在低水平稳定态中徘徊 ,进而导致发展中国家与发达国家之间在人均产出与劳动生产率方面差距的扩大。在非对称竞争格局中 ,中国为了能够有效地追赶发达国家 ,必须开发出“复杂性动态优势”。

The competition among the different countries with different development levels under the same competitive rules and policies makes the competition nonsymmetric.The nonsymmetry presents itself in various aspects, such as degree of marketization in depth and width, entrepreneurship and entrepreneur's insight, technological levels and R&D capacity, ability to supervise markets, capital stocks and capability of capital formation, responsiveness to market signals, and ability to have market laws well in hand. The nonsymmetric competition tends to drive developing countries into low level steady state prematurely and lock in there, and enlarges the disparity in output per capita and productivity between developing and developed countries. The article argues that developing countries such as China need to develop complex dynamic advantages to catch up with the developed countries in economic development and growth,and puts forth the relevant policies that facilitate to explore the complex dynamic advantages.