对低地价吸引企业定位政策的反思

Reconsideration of the Policy of Attracting External Enterprises by Means of Low Land Price

研究目的:论证中国地方政府降低土地价格吸引企业定位于本辖区的原因。研究方法:理论分析法。研究结果:论证了地方政府低地价激励企业定位的原因:第一,政府之间的非合作博弈导致了这种情况;第二,在政府看来降低土地价格能提高企业利润。但是,通过对企业定位理论的研究,认为企业定位过程分两个阶段,第一阶段企业根据市场规模选择一个比较大的区域,第二阶段在该区域内根据比较成本选择一个比较明确的地方,这里所说的成本不仅包括要素成本,还包括交易成本,因此低地价方式吸引企业定位的效果是有限的。

The purpose of this study is to search for reasons why local govern ments try to attract external enterprises by lowering land price. The method of theoretical analysis was employed. The results demonstrate two reasons for local governments to use low land price as incentive to attract external enterprises: one is lack of coordination among different government departments; the other i s that the local governments think enterprises can benefit from lower land price . There are two phases for an enterprise to settle down in an area: the enterpri se tries to choose a large area according to market scale at first; then the ent erprise tries to locate itself in a certain place by comparing the costs which i nclude element cost and transaction cost. The paper concludes that effectiveness of attracting enterprises through low land price is quite limited.