诉讼证据合法性问题辨析

A Study of the Legality of Procedural Proof

案件事实只能通过证据来认定。证据事实可能与真实的事实有出入,只是案件事实的假象。较之于其它本质属性,诉讼证据的合法性的主要功能是为诉讼证据的认识提供检验标准,来确定证据事实的法律效力。它不是证据自身的物理属性而是外在的关系属性,它不属于证据的真实性问题而属于有效性问题。诉讼证据合法性体现了立法者对证据的标准的认识,具有主观性和历史性。在现代社会里,论证是认定证据的有效性的检验标准,因而,诉讼证据合法性问题便主要是通过建立具有理想的论证方式来增强诉讼证据的效力,促进合法性与其它属性的真正统一。

The befallen case can not but be cognized by proof,so the truth by proof may be a feint and more or less go against the case. Compared with other essential attributes,the major function performed by the legality of proof is to establish test criterion for cognizing proof to confirm the proof force ad effect. This attribute itself is not the physical attribute of proof, but exterior nexus one; it should not belong to facility matter of proof but to validity matter. This attribute is an embodiment that the lawmaker understands the criterion of proof,thereby taking on the features of subjectivity and history. In modern times,it is reasoning that offers test criterion for cognizing validity of proof,thus the issue of validity attribute is how to build up proof effectiveness and boost the attributes unification in deed,by establishing perfect mode of reasoning.