两汉民俗区研究

A Study of Folklore Regions in the Han Dynasty

民俗的重要特征是地域性,民俗区研究对研究区域历史文化有重要意义。自司马迁起,就开始将两汉民俗区划分为9个,后又有刘向、朱赣把全国划为13个民俗区,17个民俗亚区;今人周振鹤先生重新组合《汉书·地理志》的资料,把两汉民俗区划为三大民俗区域,16个民俗区,15个民俗亚区。以上划分法都有一定的缺憾,应划为四大民俗带:长城民俗带、黄河民俗带、长江民俗带、珠江民俗带。民俗区的形成有自然环境和政治环境的影响,相对南方而言,北方地区民俗受社会政治环境的影响更大一些。

Regionality is one of the most important characteristics of the folklore. Therefore, it is important to study folklore regions for researching regional history and culture. Since Sima Qian in the Han Dynasty (206 B.C.-220 A. D.), the whole nation has been divided into nine folklore regions. Later, Liu Xiang and Zhu Gang precisely divided the whole nation into 13 folklore regions and 17 sub-folklore regions. Zhou Zhen-he, a scholar of the time, by piecing together the smattering of information from Hanshu (Dili Zhi), redivided the Han Dynasty society into three large folklore areas, 16 folklore regions and 15 subfolklore regions. Nevertheless, there are some defects in all of the above divisions. There should be four folklorebelts in China: the Great Wall Folklore Belt, the Yellow River Folklore Belt, the Yangzi River Folklore Belt and the Zhujiang River Folklore Belt. The formation of a folklore region can be affected by the environments and the political conditions. Compared with South China, the political conditions have stronger influence on the folklore of North China.