锂离子二次电池最新进展及评述

Recent Development of Lithium Ion Batteries

锂离子电池已广泛应用于移动电话、笔记本电脑等便携式电器中,深受广大用户的钟爱,在未来的电动汽车也有着非常好的应用前景,必将对未来人们的生活产生深刻的影响。锂离子电池的电容量及循环性能不断得到提高,容量更大、质量更轻、体积更小、厚度更薄、价格更低的锂离子电池不断地被推向市场。新的电极材料及电解质材料不断开发出来,它们具有容量大、价格低、无环境污染、使用安全等优点。分别对锂离子电池的正极材料、负极材料、电解质材料的发展历史及最新发展状况进行综述及评论。

Lithium ion batteries are much welcomed by consumers and have found wide application in mobile phones, notebook computers and other portable electrical appliances. They have potential application in the future electrical vehicle and will have a deep influence on the way of people's life. The capacity and cycling performance of lithium ion batteries have improved a lot. New kinds of batteries with higher capacity, lighter weight, smaller volume and lower cost are continually put into market. New electrode materials and electrolytes with high capacity, low cost, non-toxicity, and safety are developed. The historical and recent development of cathodes, anode materials and electrolytes are reviewed in this paper.