题元研究的方法论

Methods in the Studies of Arguments

题元研究中有两种方法论观点:一是"动词指派题元",即以动词为情景—事件的中心来审视题元;二是"实体决定属性",即通过实体在事件属性中的主导作用来看待和分析题元。前者认为动词核心结构是语义平面的基本结构,由动词可以正常地确定或推导出所需的相关名词语义项,从而确定句子的语义结构;后者则不单难以正常地确定句子语义,而且还会抹杀一些句子语义结构的存在。"动词指派题元"的方法论顺应了题元理论发展的大方向,便于在语义—句法的根基上统一题元观点和题元意义内容,在消除句子的语义异常、排解情态和修辞—语用等因素对题元分析的不利影响两方面具有更高的理论价值。

There are two basic views with regard to the studies of arguments: (1) arguments assigned by the verb, i.e., the arguments are examined with the verb as the focus of the situation-event; (2) properties determined by entities, i.e., the arguments are analyzed in terms of the dominant role(s) of the entities in relation to the event properties. When compared, the former approach seems to have kept up with the general trend of the related theories, in that it better disambiguates the meaning and remove the influence from rhetorical and pragmatic factors.