称谓控制人际距离:对《遭遇爱情》中人物对话的话语分析

Address Terms and Interpersonal Distance: A Discourse Analysis of the Conversation in the Short Story Encountering Love

礼貌是人类社会普遍存在的一种交往方式,也是维持人际关系的一种重要手段。礼貌一般分为积极礼貌和消极礼貌两种,前者强调人与人之间的平等,后者则侧重于权力与地位。人们用举止行为来表达礼貌,更多的时候则是用语言传递礼貌信息,尤其是借助于称谓来表达礼貌,从而达到保持人际间或亲密或疏远的距离。文章尝试使用礼貌语中称谓的不同选择体现不同人际距离这一原则,分析小说《遭遇爱情》中的人物对话。

Politeness is a very common phenomenon in human society. It is also an important way for human beings to maintain proper interpersonal relationship. Politeness consists of two main types, namely, positive politeness and negative politeness. The former emphasizes solidarity and the latter is oriented to power and distance. People express politeness with their gestures. They also use language to show politeness, especially with the use of address terms in order to maintain a relationship, close or distant. This paper is an attempt to analyze the conversation in the short story Encountering Love, applying the principle of politeness that different choice of address terms produces different interpersonal distance between the conversationalists.