肯定、否定和羡余

Affirmation, Negation and Redundancy of Negation

从认知角度研究汉语语法 ,肇始于朱德熙 ,展开于沈家煊、石毓智 ,等等。目前 ,这方面的研究正一步步走向深入。其前景是乐观的 ,但问题及困难也逐步显现。就特定的肯定、否定句式以及否定的羡余而言 ,并以“没有VP之前”为例 ,认为这一有否定标记的句式比没有否定标记的另一句式 ,即“VP之前” ,仅仅起到加强语气的作用 ,这样的分析未免简单。“没有VP之前”的句式蕴涵着丰富的民族文化信息 ,它与汉族人民谦恭、内敛。

It was Zhu Dexi who began the Chinese grammatical study from the angle of language cognition. Later, through the efforts of scholars like Shen Jiaxuan, Shi Yuzhi, Chinese grammatical cognition study made great headway. At present, the research is probing deeply step by step. We find the prospect is good but the problems and difficulties are foreseeable as well. For example, as we know, the Chinese affirmation, negation and redundancy of negation are unique. Take 'Mei-you(没有) VP(verb phrase) Zhi-qian(之前)' as an example, some people think, comparing with 'VP Zhi-qian(之前)' which is without a negation mark, 'Mei-you(没有) VP Zhi-qian(之前)' only plays a role of strengthening mood. We think such kind of analysis is not rigorous. The sentence 'Mei-you(没有) VP Zhi-qian(之前)' contains a lot of national culture information which is correlated with social psychology of Han(汉) people like modesty, courteousness, restraint, conservativeness and so on.