刺梨果实与种子内源激素含量变化及其与果实发育的关系

Changes of Endogenous Hormones Contents in Fruit,Seeds and Their Effects on the Fruit Development of Rosa roxburghii

以刺梨品种贵农5号为材料,对其果实生长发育规律及内源激素含量动态进行了观察测定,结果表明,刺梨幼果花托中GA1+3、IAA和ZRs含量高,随幼果发育,花托中GA1+3、IAA和ZRs含量下降;种子内GA1+3和IAA含量随种子发育而增加,至种子成熟后GA1+3和IAA含量下降。幼果花托和种子中的ZRs和ABA含量较高,随果实发育呈下降趋势。在正常授粉受精的幼果中,GA1+3、IAA、ZRs和ABA含量极显著高于未受精幼果;畸形果实正常发育一侧的花托中,GA1+3、IAA和ZRs含量明显高于畸形一侧的。刺梨果实的生长与发育对种子的依赖性很强,在不授粉受精或授粉受精不正常的情况下,由于不能形成种子或部分种子败育而导致果实发育异常,引起落果或果实畸形。

The cultivar Guinong 5(Rosa roxburghii Tratt.) was used to investigate the regularity of fruit growth anddevelopment, and the changes of endogenous hormones contents during the period of growth and development. Theresults showed that the contents of GA1+3, IAA and ZRs in flower receptacle of young fruit were high and then decreased,and GA1+3, IAA in seeds increased with its development until maturity. The contents of ZRs and ABA in the flowerreceptacle of young fruits and seeds were high, and then had a tendency of descent with the development of fruits. Thecontents of GA1+3, IAA, ZRs, ABA in flower receptacle of young fruit of normal fertilization were much higher than thosefruits of non-fertilization. In the flower receptacle of malformed fruits, the contents of GA1+3, IAA, ZRs in normal the side ofthe developed flower receptacle were higher significantly than that in the flower receptacle of abnormd one. The growth anddevelopment of fruit had a very strong dependency on seeds. The seeds in those fruits of non-fertilization failed to beformed or even formed but unfertile, which would lead to the decrease of GA1+3, IAA contents and the abnormal developmentof fruits. So, the fruits will be deformed and dropped inevitably.