吡唑啉酮型通用染料的合成与应用研究

Synthesis and Application of Universal Dyes Containing Pyrazolone Group

以1-(2,5一二氯-4-磺酸基苯基)-3-甲基-5-吡唑啉酮为起始原料,经过一系列反应合成了一支吡唑啉酮型黄色通用染料。希望不需在染浴之外进行其它的化学反应就能用它对不同类型的织物进行染色。这是一个五步合成反应,包括重氮化偶合反应,氯置换反应,缩合反应,水解反应,缩合反应。实验中对第二步和第四步的反应工艺进行了改进,改进工艺后使两步反应的操作简化,成本降低,收率提高。合成的染料以三聚氯氰为活性基,该染料及中间体的化学结构,通过H核磁共振谱、质谱和红外光谱分析得以表征。在中性染浴中,合成的染料可用于羊毛,丝绸,尼龙,涤纶纤维染色;通过加入N,N-二甲基乙二胺调节pH值为5,可对腈纶纤维进行染色。染料在纤维上的日晒和水洗牢度测试结果表明,染料在腈纶上的日晒、水洗牢度较低;在羊毛、丝绸上有中等的牢度性能:在涤纶、尼龙上日晒牢度较低.水洗牢度较高。

A universal yellow dye containing a pyrazolone group was synthesized with the hope that this dye could be applied to any fiber without the need to conduct separate reactions outside the dyebath. The dye was prepared from a fwe-step sequence of reactions using l -(2, 5-dichloro-4-sulfophenyl)-3-methyl-5-pyrazolone as a starting material. This process included successive diazo coupling, chloro-substitution, condensation, hydrolysis and again condensation. Improvements were suggested for the second and fourth steps that required less effort and a lowercost, and yielded more. Dichloro-s-triazine was used as the reactive group in the target dye. The chemical structures of the obtained dye and its precursors were confirmed by H-NMR, mass spectrometry and FTIR analyses. The dye was suitable for dyeing wool, silk, nylon and PET fabric in a neutral dyebath. By adding N,N-dimethyl-ethylenediamine to the dyebath, the dye could be applied to acrylic fabric at pH 5. Evaluation of the lightfastness and washing fastness of the dyed fabric showed that the dyed acrylic had low colorfastness to light and laundering, while dyeing on silk and wool had moderate to good colorfastness. The dyed nylon and PET had low colorfastness to light and high colorfastness to laundering.