谋划我国区域电力市场由两级过渡到一级之路

ROADMAP FROM TWO-LEVEL TO ONE-LEVEL REGIONAL ELECTRICITY MARKET OF CHINA

中国六大区域电力市场与国际上主要区域电力市场相似,具有在现今资源和技术条件下可以较好协调安全性和经济性的合理规模,条件是交易在一个平台上统筹,也就是一级区域电力市场。但我国又不得不从含省(自治区、直辖市,下同)一级的两级区域电力市场起步,因此有必要探讨一种有利于过渡到一级区域电力市场的两级区域电力市场的新模式,即“自调整的两级区域电力市场”,但这需要精心设计和耐心调整。文中提出了建立这类区域电力市场的3个基本条件,基于此提出了“一网两制”的两级区域电力市场的新模式,其中最关键的是:首先要坚持日前交易在大区一个平台上统筹优化;其次要放手让省调度交易中心二次交易调度并结算,各省内可以采用各自不同的交易规则和定价方法,惟一的条件是必须满足大区优化得到的省间联络线上的潮流及两端节点电价;同时强调了市场的“损益信息披露”,它是良性自调整的内在动力。从而很好地实现了上述3个基本条件。最后讨论了新模式有待研究的问题,这些问题实际上是我国区域电力市场需要不断解决和完善的问题。

The scale of six regional electricity markets (REMs) in China is similar to other REMs in the world. It is a reasonable scale in security and economics under the available resource and technology which provided that the transaction is operating on one platform namely 1-level REM. However it has to start from a 2-level REM including the province level in China. It is impossible that a new system of the 1-level REM with one transaction platform results automatically from the one based on provinces. So it is a new challenge for China to design an auto regulative 2-level REM (AR2-RPM) for transiting to 1-level REM. In this paper, three basic conditions for the AR2-REM are claimed; a two-step method is suggested based on the conditions mentioned above. The key is a two-step. Firstly, day-ahead trade and calculate on the 1-level REM to get power flows and prices on the tie lines between provinces, then the second trade and pricing of each province can be operated under the same power flows and prices mentioned last on the tie lines between provinces using any regulations and pricing methods approved in each province. At the same time, the information disclosure of profit and loss for market participants is emphasized. Finally several open questions in the future of this auto regulative 2-level regional electricity market are discussed.