道路布局模式与北美郊区型社区的发展

The Relation of Streets Layout and Suburb Development in North America

重新评价郊区的空间形态,近年来在美国引起越来越多研究人员的兴趣。人们发现,社区内部道路规划的原则与方法除了直接决定着社区的空间形态之外,对美国郊区化的历程也产生了相当大的影响。从早期“田园城市”的构想到二战之后导致美国城市郊区化的“CSD”再到新传统主义的社区模式,道路规划的原则与方法始终都是决定社区规划模式的主要因素。本文主要研究美国社区及相应的道路规划模式的演进过程,探讨通过对道路规划模式的改进,创造“以人为本”的新型社区的空间布局模式。

Reassessing the physical form of the suburb is being emphasized by much more American researchers. The layouts and design standards and approaches of local streets have large impact on American suburb as well as its physical forms. From the ideal 'Garden City' to 'Conventional Suburban Development' since world war Ⅱ, and to'Neo-Traditional Neighborhood' of 'New Urbanism', the standards and approaches of their streets layouts and design are fundamental. By research of layouts and design of American neighborhood and its streets, a more 'pedestrian-oriented' layout model of suburban neighborhoods is expressed.