肱骨远端骨骺前倾角度——外髁骺干角的超声测量

Ultrasonic measurement of humeral distal epiphysial anteverted angulation

目的 探讨由超声图像测量肱骨远端骨骺前倾角度的变化规律。方法 使用高频探头 ( 7～10MHz)对 2 0 3例 5d～ 2 3岁正常受检者的右侧肘关节分别按年龄分为 5组 ( 5d～ 4岁、5～ 8岁、9～ 12岁、13～ 16岁、≥ 17岁 ) ,按性别分为 2组 ,测量肱骨小头及外半滑车前倾的角度 ,并将各组数据进行统计学处理及相关性分析。结果 肱骨小头前倾角度 48.89°± 8.96° ,外半滑车前倾角度 3 3 .70°± 7.18° ;肱骨小头前倾角度随年龄的增长而增大 ,在 13～ 16岁时达最大值 ( 5 5 .0 0°± 5 .88°) ,各年龄组间差异有显著性意义 ;17岁以后前倾角度略减小 ( 5 2 .3 8°± 8.2 7°) ,但与最大角度比较差异无显著性意义 ;外半滑车前倾角度变化规律与肱骨小头前倾角度相似 ,仅在 5d～ 4岁组与 5～ 8岁组间角度增大差异有显著性意义 ,5～ 8岁以上各年龄组间差异无显著性意义 ;肱骨远端骨骺前倾角度男、女性别间差异无显著性意义。结论 超声检查能清晰显示肱骨远端骨骺的图像 ,由声像图可观察、测量骨骺前倾的角度 ,以阐述其变化规律。

Objective To explore the changing regularity of humeral distal epiphysial anteverted angulation with ultrasonic measurement. Methods Using an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus with a high frequency bougie to detect the dextral elbow joint of 203 normal individuals whose age range is from 5 d to 23 years old. The subjects were divided into 5 groups by age (5 d-4 years old, 5-8 years old, 9-12 years old, 13-16 years old, ≥17 years old),and by sex into two large parts.Anteverted angulation of capitellum and lateral semitrochlear ossification center were measured with statistic analysis and correlation calculation.Results Anteverted angulation of capitellum was 48.89°± 8.96°, lateral semitrochlea 33.70°± 7.18°. Anteverted angulation of capitellum enlarges with age growth, and it reaches the climax ( 55.00°± 5.88°) at the age 13-16 years old. There was a significant difference among groups. After 17 years old, anteverted angulation slightly reduces to 52.38°± 8.27°, compared with the climax ( 55.00°± 5.88°), there was no statistical difference. Changing regularity of anteverted angulation was similar to that of capitellum. Just between the 5 d-4 years old group and 5-8 years old group, the difference was significant in angulation enlargement. There was no statistical difference among the groups above the 5-8 years old group, and no significant difference between male and female in humeral distal epiphysial anteverted angulation. Conclusions Ultrasonic examination can clearly display the images of humeral distal epiphysis. Observation and measurement is available for the epiphysial anteverted angulation by acoustic images, and the changing regularity of anteverted angulation can be illustrated.