试论清末民初的留美运动(下)

On the Movement of Studying in America During the Period of Late Qing and Early Republic

清末民初的留美运动,正处于近代中国社会剧烈动荡的年代。它既是中国近代留学史上的重要一页,也是中国近代化历程中的重要篇章。这次留美运动兴起的原因是:1.美国退回部分庚子赔款;2.清政府实施新政;3.开放的留美政策;4.救亡图存的现实需要;5.中国社会转型的内部驱动;6.近代城市的兴起和民族工商业的推动;7.美国教会学校的影响。所产生的影响是:1.推动了中国教育的近代化;2.推动了中国近代科技的发展;3.启动了中国收回主权的外交进程;4.推动了中国的政治民主化;5.促进了中国的经济发展;6.促成了五四文学革命。

The Movement of Studying in America During the Period of Late Qing and Early Republic was in the ear of the modern Chinese society violent turbulence. It's not only an important page in Chinese modern histry of Studying Abroad but also an significant section in Chinese modernization course. The reasons of the rising of this movement are: 1. The United States return part of the Boxer indemnities; 2.The New Reforms in the late Qing Dynasty; 3.The opening policies of Studying in America. 4.The realistic demand of saving the nation; 5.The internal move of Chinese society transformation; 6.The rise of the modern cites and the promotion of the national industry and commerce; 7.Impact frorn American missionary schools. The influences of the Movement of Studying in America are as follows: 1.Pushed the modernization of the Chinese education; 2.Pushed the development of the Chinese modern science and technology; 3. Started the diplomatic progress that China takes back the sovereignty;4. Pushed political democratization of china; 5.Promoted economic development of China; 6.Help realize the May 4th literature revolution.